{
  "name": "european-political-mandates",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "title": "European Political Mandates Since State Foundation",
  "row_grain": "one row per mandate (person x position x term)",
  "primary_key": "statement_id",
  "fields": [
    {
      "name": "statement_id",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Wikidata statement GUID; stable primary key for the mandate"
    },
    {
      "name": "person_qid",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Wikidata entity ID of the office-holder"
    },
    {
      "name": "person_name",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "English label of the office-holder"
    },
    {
      "name": "position_qid",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Wikidata entity ID of the office"
    },
    {
      "name": "position",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "English label of the office"
    },
    {
      "name": "country",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 of the primary present-day country"
    },
    {
      "name": "countries_all",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Semicolon-separated ISO codes incl. successor states of multinational polities"
    },
    {
      "name": "jurisdiction",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Historical or present-day state the office belonged to"
    },
    {
      "name": "level",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "national | supranational | subnational"
    },
    {
      "name": "jurisdiction_link",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "P1001 = office formally scoped to the jurisdiction (high precision); P17 = only country-of-origin known"
    },
    {
      "name": "start_date",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Term start, ISO 8601 date, null if unknown"
    },
    {
      "name": "end_date",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Term end, ISO 8601 date, null if in office or unknown"
    },
    {
      "name": "start_year",
      "type": "integer",
      "description": "Signed year of start; negative = BCE. Use this for filtering"
    },
    {
      "name": "end_year",
      "type": "integer",
      "description": "Signed year of end"
    },
    {
      "name": "parliamentary_group",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Parliamentary group / caucus for this mandate"
    },
    {
      "name": "electoral_district",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Constituency for this mandate"
    },
    {
      "name": "parliamentary_term",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Legislative term this mandate belongs to"
    },
    {
      "name": "replaces_qid",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Wikidata ID of predecessor in the office"
    },
    {
      "name": "replaced_by_qid",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Wikidata ID of successor in the office"
    },
    {
      "name": "party_labels",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Pipe-separated parties of the person (person-level, not term-level)"
    },
    {
      "name": "party_qids",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Pipe-separated Wikidata IDs of those parties"
    },
    {
      "name": "sex",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Sex or gender as recorded in Wikidata"
    },
    {
      "name": "birth_date",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Date of birth"
    },
    {
      "name": "death_date",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Date of death"
    },
    {
      "name": "birth_year",
      "type": "integer",
      "description": "Signed year of birth"
    },
    {
      "name": "source",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Upstream source; 'wikidata' for all rows in v1"
    },
    {
      "name": "source_url",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Resolvable URL for the person entity"
    },
    {
      "name": "fetched_at",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Date the record was retrieved"
    },
    {
      "name": "processing_version",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Version of this pipeline that produced the row"
    }
  ],
  "known_limitations": [
    "jurisdiction_link distinguishes precision: P1001 rows are offices formally scoped to a jurisdiction; P17 rows are only known to belong to the country and are a noisier population. Filter to P1001 for a high-precision subset.",
    "level='subnational' rows (mayors, regional councillors) are included for completeness but are NOT the dataset of record; filter to national/supranational for the headline population.",
    "party_labels is person-level, not mandate-level: a politician who changed party carries all their parties on every row. Use parliamentary_group for term-accurate affiliation where present.",
    "Coverage inherits Wikidata's demographic and era biases: women and pre-20th-century figures are systematically under-represented relative to the historical record, and coverage density varies by country. Raw counts are not an unbiased sample of historical office-holding; weight or caveat accordingly.",
    "Coverage is a function of Wikidata coverage. It is strong for heads of state/government across all periods and for post-1945 legislatures; it thins considerably for 19th-century and earlier legislatures, and is uneven between countries.",
    "Multinational polities (Austria-Hungary, USSR, Ottoman Empire, Holy Roman Empire) are attributed to a primary successor in `country` and to every successor in `countries_all`. Aggregating on `country` alone will undercount the non-primary successors.",
    "Dates before 1582 are proleptic and calendar systems vary by source; treat pre-modern dates as year-precision at best.",
    "Absence of a row is not evidence that an office was vacant."
  ]
}